Berlinghiero (Italian, early 13th c) painted his ‘Madonna and Child’ in the Byzantine style “ known as the Hodegetria ("She who shows the way"), familiar from icons that arrived in Italy following the fall of Constantinople in 1204. The Madonna points to Jesus as the way to Salvation; dressed like an ancient philosopher, he holds a scroll.”
Image and excerpted text are from The Metropolitan Museum of Art online, https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435658